Simply put, Ra is the average of a set of individual measurements of a surfaces peaks and valleys. Learn more about Ra and the formulas used to calculate it.
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Calculating Ra:
RA formula
L = evaluation length
Z(x) = the profile height function
The digital approximation is:
RA formula
Calculating RMS:
root mean square average formula
L = evaluation length
Z(x) = the profile height function
The digital approximation is:
RMS Average formula
